When you learn a foreign language,you must learn more than the vocabulary and the grammar. To communicatesuccessfully, you must also learn the non-verbal language, or “body language”of that culture. “Body language” is a term used to describe facial expression,gestures, and other movements of the body that send messages. This means ofcommunication is so important that we may actually say more with our movementsthan with words.

當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，你必須學(xué)習(xí)詞匯和語(yǔ)法以外的東西。為了能夠順利溝通，你必須學(xué)會(huì)那一文化的肢體語(yǔ)言。“肢體語(yǔ)言”是用來(lái)描述面部表情，姿勢(shì)以及其他傳遞信息的身體動(dòng)作的術(shù)語(yǔ)。這種溝通方式很重要，因而我們實(shí)際上可能用動(dòng)作比用話語(yǔ)表達(dá)的更多。
        For some messages, words are not enough. Speaking a foreign language issometimes difficult because we may not understand the non-verbal signals ofanother culture. For example, nodding the head up and down is a gesture thatmay communicate different messages in different parts of the world. In NorthAmerica, it means “I agree”. In the Middle East, nodding the head down means “Iagree” and up means “I disagree”. In a conversation among Japanese it oftensimply means “I’m listening”.

對(duì)于有些信息，言語(yǔ)是不夠的。有時(shí)候說(shuō)一門外語(yǔ)很難，因?yàn)槲覀兛赡懿焕斫饬硪晃幕�的非語(yǔ)言信號(hào)。比如，上下點(diǎn)頭這一姿勢(shì)在世界不同的地方表達(dá)的信息也是不一樣的。在北美，這一姿勢(shì)意味著“我同意“。在中東，點(diǎn)頭表示”我同意“，而抬頭表示”我不同意“。在日本人的對(duì)話當(dāng)中，它通常只是表示”我在聽(tīng)“。
        Eye contact is also very meaningful, but it can also mean different things indifferent countries. In some Spanish-speaking countries, children show respectto an old person by not looking directly into the person’s eye during aconversation. In other cultures, looking into a person’s eye is expected. Forexample, if you don’t do it in the United States, people may think that you areafraid, embarrassed, or angry. In the Middle East, direct eye contact in aconversation is more continuous than in many other parts of the world. Peoplewho are not used to this may feel uncomfortable.

眼神接觸也很有意義，但是它在不同的國(guó)家也可以表示不同的意思。在一些說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)的國(guó)家，孩子們?cè)谂c老人的對(duì)話中通過(guò)不直視對(duì)方的眼睛來(lái)對(duì)對(duì)方表示尊敬。在其他文化中，人們期待別人直視眼睛。比如，在美國(guó)，如果你不這樣做，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為你害怕，尷尬或者生氣。在中東，對(duì)話中直接的眼神接觸比世界上很多其他地方更持久。不習(xí)慣的人可能會(huì)覺(jué)得不舒服。