Many people believe that human activity is causing the earth’s temperature to rise. They say that this global warming will have dreadful consequences for our environment, such as drought and flooding.

很多人都認為是人類活動導致了全球氣溫上升。他們說全球變暖會對我們的環境造成可怕的后果，如干旱和洪水。

What should governments do to help prevent global warming? Give reasons for your suggestions.

政府該做什么來防止全球變暖呢？給出你建議的原因。

The earth’s temperature is rapidly changing. As a result there has been a lot of climate change such as heat waves, droughts and floods. Scientists believe that this is the result of human activity, which is polluting the Earth’s atmosphere. This could become a disaster if governments do not act to help prevent global warming. They can act in three ways; by supporting research, by making laws and by keeping the general public informed.

地球的溫度正在迅速改變。導致很多氣候變遷，如熱浪、干旱和洪水。科學家認為這是人類活動污染了地球的大氣層的結果。如果政府不采取行動來防止全球變暖的話，這可能會成為災難。他們可以在三個方面上有所行動；支持研究，制訂法律和保持公眾知情。

Firstly, governments can support research. For example, they should encourage companies to develop vehicles that cause less pollution. They should also support alternative sources of electricity from wind and water rather than from oil and coal. As well, they should sponsor conferences to discuss the effects of greenhouse gas emissions and possible solutions to the problem.

首先，政府可以支持研究。例如，他們應該鼓勵公司致力于汽車研發來減少污染。他們也應該支持來自風和水的電力替代能源，而不是來自石油和煤的電源。同時，他們應該主持會議來討論溫室氣體排放的影響和可能解決問題的方案。

Secondly, they should make laws that limit the amount of greenhouse gases that companies can emit. Private companies should be rewarded for following these laws. They should also be punished for creating pollution.

其次，他們應該制定法律限制公司發出的溫室氣體。私人公司應該因為遵循這些法律而得到獎勵。他們也應該因為創造出污染而受到懲罰。

Finally, everybody is affected by global warming. Therefore, it is important that governments involve individuals in the problem solving process. For example they should encourage households to save as much energy as possible by using more efficient light bulbs or less hot water. They should also encourage the public to recycle, and this should be compulsory for everyone. Another way of saving energy is by public transport systems. Governments should spend money on public transport to make it as easy as possible for the public to save energy.

最后，每個人都是受到全球變暖的影響。因此，政府和個人在解決問題的過程中是很重要的。例如，他們應該鼓勵家庭盡可能多的節省能源，盡可能多的使用更高效的燈泡或少用熱水。他們也應該鼓勵公眾回收，因為這對每個人來說都是必須的。另一種節約能源的方法是公共交通系統。政府應該把錢花在公共交通使公眾盡可能容易的節約能源。

In summary, it is clear that there are a lot of things that governments can do to prevent global warming. They should involve companies, support scientists and encourage individuals to protect the planet.

總之，很明確的，各國政府可以做很多事情來防止全球變暖。他們應包括公司，支持科學家和鼓勵個人保護地球。